Cyclone Collector is a type of dust Collector. The dedusting mechanism is to make the dust-bearing air flow rotate, the dust particles are separated from the airflow by centrifugal force and collected on the wall of the device, and then the dust particles fall into the dust hopper by gravity. Each component of cyclone dust collector has a certain size proportion, and the change of each proportion relation can affect the efficiency and pressure loss of cyclone dust collector, among which the diameter of dust collector, the size of air inlet and the diameter of exhaust pipe are the main influencing factors. In use, it should be noted that advantages can also be turned into disadvantages when a certain threshold is exceeded. In addition, some factors are beneficial to improve the dust removal efficiency but will increase the pressure loss, so the adjustment of each factor must be taken into account.
Cyclone dust collector began to be used in 1885 and has developed into many forms. According to the way of airflow entry, it can be divided into tangential entry type and axial entry type. Under the same pressure loss, the latter can handle about three times as much gas as the former, and the flow distribution is uniform.
Cyclone dust collector is composed of inlet pipe, exhaust pipe, cylinder, cone and ash hopper. Cyclone dust collector is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, installation and maintenance management, equipment investment and operating costs are low, has been widely used to separate solid and liquid particles from air flow, or from liquid solid particles. Under normal operating conditions, the centrifugal force acting on particles is 5 ~ 2500 times that of gravity, so the efficiency of cyclone dust collector is significantly higher than that of gravity settling chamber. Based on this principle, a dust removal efficiency of more than 90% cyclone dust removal device has been successfully studied. In the mechanical dust collector, the cyclone dust collector is the most efficient one. It is suitable for the removal of non-viscous and non-fibrous dust, mostly used to remove more than 5μm particles, parallel multi-pipe cyclone dust collector device for 3μm particles also has 80 ~ 85% dust removal efficiency. The cyclone dust collector is made of special metal or ceramic materials with high-temperature resistance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance. It can be operated under the conditions of temperature up to 1000℃ and pressure up to 500×105Pa. In terms of technology and economy, the pressure loss control range of cyclone dust collector is generally 500 ~ 2000Pa. Therefore, it belongs to the medium effect dust collector, and can be used for the purification of high temperature flue gas, is a widely used dust collector, mostly used in boiler flue gas dust removal, multi-stage dust removal and pre-dust removal. Its main disadvantage is that the removal efficiency of fine dust particles (<5μm) is low.
According to the axial velocity of circulation area in front of the integral, the method of calculating the conventional cyclone installed along with all the different types of drag reduction rod drop after the change of the flow, and all cases different section reduced the total processing flow of the traffic dust catcher draw in, to show, downward flow region the average discharge on the drop flow and in fact, a downstream area the size of the difference between the discharge. It can be seen that the short-circuit flow rate and downflow rate of each model change along the height of dust collector. Compared with conventional cyclone dust collector, the short-circuit flow rate increases after installing full-length drag reduction rods 1# and 4#, but decreases after installing non-full-length drag reduction rods H1 and H2. After the installation of 1# and 4#, the variation law of the descending flow along the flow is basically the same as that of the conventional cyclone dust collector, presenting a linear distribution, and the three lines descend in parallel. However, after the installation of H1 and H2, the distribution is broken line rather than straight line, and its inflection point is exactly the section position extended by the drag reduction rod inserted from bottom to top. It can also be seen that the non-full-length drag reduction rod increases the descending flow of each section above the section, and the descending flow is larger than that of the conventional dust collector. However, after contacting the drag reduction rod, the descending flow decreases rapidly and reaches or is lower than the quantity value of the conventional dust collector at the bottom of the cone.
The reduction of short-circuit flow can improve the efficiency of dust removal, increase the downflow of the section, and increase the residence time of dust-bearing air in the dust collector, creating more separation opportunities for dust. Therefore, although the drag reduction effect of non-full-length drag reduction rod is not as good as full-length drag reduction rod, it is more beneficial to improve the dust removal efficiency of cyclone dust collector. There is up to 24% short-circuit flow near the inlet section of exhaust core pipe of conventional cyclone dust collector, which will seriously affect the overall dust removal effect. How to reduce the short-circuit flow will be a research direction to improve efficiency. Although the drag reduction effect of the non-full-length drag reduction rod is not as good as that of the full-length drag reduction rod, it has more practical significance because it reduces the short-circuit flow rate of the conventional cyclone dust collector, increases the flow rate of section drop and improves the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector.
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